mirii hayaat ye hai aur ye tumhaari qaza ziyaada kis se kahooñ aur kis ko kam bolo tum ahl-e-kh aanaa rahe aur main yateem hua tumhaara dard badaa hai ya miraa gham bolo tumhaara daur tha ghar men bahaar hansati thii abhii to dar pe faqat ranj-o-gham ki dastak hai tumhaare saath ka mausam badaa haseen raha tumhaare baad ka mausam badaa bhayaanak hai hazaaron qarz the mujh par tumhaari ulfat ke mujhe vo qarz chukaane ka mauqa to dete tumhaara KHoon mire jism men ma chaltaa raha zaraa se qatre bahaane ka mauqa to dete bade sukoon se tum so ga.e vahaañ ja kar ye kaise neend tumhein aa gaii naye ghar men har ek shab main faqat karvatein badalta hooñ tumhaari qabr ke kankar hon jaise bistar men main bojh kaandhon pe aise utha ke chaltaa hooñ tumhaara jaise janaaza utha ke chaltaa tha yahaañ pe mirii pareshaani sirf mirii hai vahaañ koi na koi kaandha to badalta tha tumhaari sham-e-tamanna bas ek raat bujhi charaaghhh mirii tavakko ke roz bujhte hain main saans luun bhi to kaise ki mirii saanson men tumhaari doobti saanson ke teer chubhte hain main jab bhi chhoota hooñ apne badan ki miTTi ko to lams phir usii thande badan ka hota hai libaas roz badalta hooñ main bhi sab ki tarah magar khayal tumhaare kafan ka hota hai bahut taveel kahaanii hai mirii hasti ki tumhaari maut to ik mukhtasar fasana hai vo jis gali se janaaza tumhaara niklaa tha usii gali se miraa roz aanaa j aanaa hai main koi raah hooñ tum raah dekhne waale ki muntazir to mara par na intizaar mara tumhaari maut mirii zindagi se behtar hai tum ek baar mare main to baar baar mara

ai siphar-e-bareen ke sayyaaro ai fazaa-e-zameen ke gul-zaaro ai pahaadon ki dil-fareb fazaa ai lab-e-joo ki than dii than dii hawa ai anaadil ke naghma-e-sehri ai shab-e-mahtaab taaron bharii ai naseem-e-bahaar ke jhonko dahr-e-na-paaedaar ke dhoko tum har ik haal men ho yuñ to aziz the watan men magar kuchh aur hi cheez jab watan men hamaara tha ramna tum se dil baagh baagh tha apna tum mirii dil-lagi ke saamaan the tum mire dard-e-dil ke darmaan the tum se katata tha ranj-e-tanhaai tum se paata tha dil shakebaai aan ik ik tumhaari bhaati thii jo ada thii vo jee lubhaati thii karte the jab tum apni gham-khwari dhoi jaati theen kulfatein saari jab hawa khaane baagh jaate the ho ke khush-haal ghar men aate the baith jaate the jab kabhi lab-e-aab dho ke uthte the dil ke daagh shitaab koh o sehra o aasmaañ o zameen sab mirii dil-lagi ki shaklein theen par chhuta jis se apna mulk o dayaar jee hua tum se KHud-ba-KHud bezaarna gulon ki ada KHush aati haina sadaa bulbulon ki bhaati hai sair-e-gulshan hai jee ka ik janjaal shab-e-mehtaab jaañ ko hai vabaal koh o sehra se ta lab-e-dariya jis taraf jaayen jee nahin lagta kya hue vo din aur vo raatein tum men agli si ab nahin baatein ham hi gurbat men ho ga.e kuchh aur ya tumhaare badal ga.e kuchh taur go vahii ham hain aur vahii duniya par nahin ham ko lutf duniya ka ai watan ai mire behisht-e-bareen kya hue tere aasmaañ o zameen raat aur din ka vo samaan na raha vo zameen aur vo aasmaañ na raha teri doori hai morid-e-aalam tere chhutne se chhut gaya aaraam kaate khaata hai baagh bin tere gul hain nazaron men daagh bin tere mit gaya naqsh kaamraani ka tujh se tha lutf zindagaani ka jo ki rahte hain tujh se door sadaa in ko kya hogaa zindagi ka mazaa ho gaya yaa to do hi din men ye haal tujh bin ek ek pal hai ik ik saal sach bataa to sabhi ko bhaata hai ya ki mujh se hi teraa naata hai main hi karta hooñ tujh pe jaañ nisaar ya ki duniya hai teri aashiq-e-zaar kya zamaane ko tu aziz nahin ai watan tu to aisi cheez nahin jin o insaan ki hayaat hai tu murgh o maahi ki kaayenaat hai tu hai nabaatat ka numoo tujh se rookh tujh bin hare nahin hote sab ko hota hai tujh se nashv-o-numa sab ko bhaati hai teri aab-o-hawa teri ik musht-e-khaak ke badle luun na hargiz agar behisht mile jaañ jab tak na ho badan se juda koi dushman na ho watan se hawa hamla jab qoum-e-aarya ne kiya aur baja un ka hind men danka mulk waale bahut se kaam aa.e jo bache vo ghulaam kahl aa.e shudr kahl aa.e raakshas kahl aa.e ranj pardes ke magar na uth aa.e go ghulaami ka lag gaya dhabbana chhuta un se des par na chhuta qadr ai dil watan men rahne ki pooche pardesiyo ke jee se koi jab mila ram-chandra ko ban-baas aur niklaa watan se ho ke udaas baap ka hukm rakh liya sar par par chala saath le ke daag-e-jigar paanv uthata tha us ka ban ki taraf aur khinchta tha dil watan ki taraf guzre gurbat men is qadar mah-o-saal par na bhola ayodhya ka khayal des ko ban men jee bhatkata raha dil men kaanta sa ik khatkata raha teer ik dil men aa ke lagta tha aati thii jab ayodhya ki hawa katne chaudah baras hue the muhaal goya ek ek jug tha ek ik saal hue yasrib ki samt jab raahi sayyad-e-abtahee ke hamraahi rishte ulfat ke saare tod chale aur bilkul watan ko chhod chale go watan se chale the ho ke KHafaa par watan men tha sab ka jee atka dil-lagi ke bahut mile samaan par na bhule watan ke registaan dil men aathon pahar khatkate the sang-reze zameen-e-batha ke ghar jafaon se jin ki chhoota tha dil se rishta na un ka toota tha hui yusuf ki sakhtiyan jab door aur hua mulk-e-misr par maamoor misr men chaar soo tha hukm ravaan aankh thii jaanib-e-watan nigaraan yaad-e-kan'aan jab us ko aati thii saltanat saari bhool jaati thii dukh uth aa.e the jis watan men sakht taaj bhaata na us baghair na takht jin se dekhi thii sakht be-mehri lau thii un bhaaiyon ki dil ko lagii ham bhi hubb-e-watan men hain go ghark ham men aur un men hai magar ye farq ham hain naam-e-watan ke deewane vo the ahl-e-watan ke parwaane jis ne yusuf ki dastaan hai sooni jaanta hogaa rooyedaad us ki misr men qahat jab pada aa kar aur hui qaum bhook se muztar kar diya waqf un pe baitulmaal lab tak aane diya na harf-e-sawaal khatiyaan aur kothe khol diye muft saare zakheere tol diye qafile khaali haath aate the aur bharpoor yaa se jaate the yuñ ga.e qahat ke vo saal guzar jaise bacchon ki bhook waqt-e-sehr ai dil ai banda-e-watan hoshiyaar khwaab-e-ghaflat se ho zaraa bedaar o sharaab-e-khu dii ke matwaale ghar ki chaukhat ke choomne waale naam hai kya isee ka hubb-e-watan jis ki tujh ko lagii hui hai lagan kabhi bacchon ka dhyaan aata hai kabhi yaaron ka gham sataata hai yaad aata hai apna shahar kabhi lau kabhi ahl-e-shehr ki hai lagii naqsh hain dil pe koocha-o-baazaar firte aankhoñ men hain dar-o-deewar kya watan kya yahii mohabbat hai ye bhi ulfat men koi ulfat hai is men insaan se kam nahin hain darind is se khaali nahin charind o parind tukde hote hain sang gurbat men sookh jaate hain rookh furqat men ja ke kaabul men aam ka pauda kabhi parwaan chadh nahin saka aa ke kaabul se yaa bihi-o-anaar ho nahin sakte barvar zinhaar machhlii jab chhooti hai paani se haath dhoti hai zindagaani se aag se jab hua samundar doorus ko jeene ka phir nahin maqdoor ghode jab khet se bichhadte hain jaañ ke laale un ke padte hain g aa.e bhains oont ho ya bakri apne apne thikaane KHush hain sabhi kahiye hubb-e-watan isee ko agar ham se hawaan nahin hain kuchh kam-tar hai koi apni qaum ka hamdard nau-e-insaan ka samjhen jis ko fard jis pe itlaq-e-aadmi ho saheeh jis ko hawaan pe de saken tarjeeh qaum par koi zad na dekh sake qaum ka haal-e-bad na dekh sake qaum se jaañ tak aziz na ho qaum se badh ke koi cheez na ho samjhe un ki khushi ko raahat-e-jaan waan jo nau-roz ho to eed ho yaa ranj ko un ke samjhe maaya-e-gham waan agar sog ho to yaa maatam bhool jaa.e sab apni qadr-e-jaleel dekh kar bhaaiyon ko khwaar-o-zaleel jab pade un pe gardish-e-aflaak apni aasaishon pe daal de KHaak baithe be-fikr kya ho ham-watano utho ahl-e-watan ke dost bano mard ho tum kisi ke kaam aao warna khao piyo chale jaao jab koi zindagi ka lutf uthao dil ko dukh bhaaiyon ke yaad dilao pahno jab koi umdaa tum poshaak karo daaman se ta garebaan chaak khaana khao to jee men tum sharmao thanda paani piyo to ashk bahao kitne bhaai tumhaare hain nadaar zindagi se hai jin ka dil bezaar naukaron ki tumhaare jo hai ghiza un ko vo KHvaab men nahin milta jis pe tum jootiyon se firte ho waan muyassar nahin vo odhne ko khao to pahle lo khabar un ki jin pe bipata hai neesti ki pa dii pahno to pahle bhaaiyon ko pahnaao ki hai utran tumhaari jin ka banaav ek daali ke sab hain barg-o-samar hai koi un men khushk aur koi tar sab ko hai ek asl se paivand koi aazurda hai koi khursand muqabilo mudabbiron ko yaad karo khush-dilo gham-zadon ko shaad karo jaagne waale ghaafiloon ko jagao tairne waalo doobton ko tirao hain mile tum ko chashm o gosh agar lo jo li jaa.e kor-o-kar ki khabar tum agar haath paanv rakhte ho langde lulo ko kuchh sahaara do tandurusti ka shukr kiya hai batao ranj beemaar bhaaiyon ka hatao tum agar chahte ho mulk ki khairna kisi ham-watan ko samjho gair ho musalmaan us men ya hindu bodh mazhab ho ya ki ho brahmoo jafari hove ya ki ho hanfi jeen-mat hove ya ho vaishnavi sab ko mee thii nigaah se dekho samjho aankhoñ ki putliyaan sab ko mulk hain ittifaq se azaad shahar hain ittifaq se aabaad hind men ittifaq hota agar khaate ghairoon ki thokren kyunkar qaum jab ittifaq kho bai thii apni pounji se haath dho bai thii ek ka ek ho gaya bad-khwaah lagii ghairoon ki padne tum pe nigaah phir ga.e bhaaiyon se jab bhaai jo na aani thii vo bala aayi paanv iqbaal ke ukhadne lage mulk par sab ke haath padne lage kabhi tooraniyon ne ghar lootaa kabhi durraaniyon ne zar lootaa kabhi naadir ne qatl-e-aam kiya kabhi mahmood ne ghulaam kiya sab se aaKHir ko le gaii baazi ek shaista qaum maghrib ki ye bhi tum par KHuda ka tha ina'am ki pada tum ko aisi qaum se kaam warna dum maarnay na paate tum padti jo sar pe vo uthaate tum mulk raunde ga.e hain pairo'n se chain kis ko mila hai ghairoon se qaum se jo tumhaare bartaav socho ai mire pyaaro aur sharmao ahl-e-daulat ko hai ye istighna ki nahin bhaaiyon ki kuchh parwa shahar men qahat ki duhaai hai jaan-e-aalam labon pe aayi hai bacche ik ghar men bilbilaate hain ro ke maa baap ko rulaate hain koi firta hai maangata dar dar hai kahii pet se bandha patthar par jo hain un men sahib-e-maqdoor un men ginti ke honge aise ghayoor ki jinhen bhaaiyon ka gham hogaa apni raahat ka dhyaan kam hogaa jitne dekhoge paoge be-dard dil ke naamard aur naam ke mard aish men jin ke kate hain auqaat eed hai din to shabbaraat hai raat qaum marti hai bhook se to mare kaam unhen apne halve-maande se in ko ab tak khabar nahin aslan shahar men bhaav kya hai ghalle ka ghalla arzaan hai in dinon ki giran kaal hai shahar men pada ki samaan kaal kya shay hai kis ko kahte hain bhook bhook men kyunki marte hain maflook ser bhooke ki qadr kya samjheus ke nazdeek sab hain pet bhare ahl-e-daulat ka sun chuke tum haal ab suno ruyedaad-e-ahl-e-kamaal faazilon ko hai faazilon se inaad panditon men pade hue hain fasaad hai tabeebon men nok-jhok sadaa ek se ek ka hai thook juda rahne do ah-e-ilm hain is tarah pahalwaanon men laag ho jis tarah eidu waalon ka hai agar pattha shekhu waalon men ja nahin saka shaairon men bhi hai yahii takraar khushnaveshon ko hai yahii aazaar laakh nekon ka kyun na ho ik nek dekh saka nahin hai ek ko ek is pe turra ye hai ki ahl-e-hunr door samjhe hue hain apna ghar mili ik gaanth jis ko hal dii kius ne samjha ki main hooñ pansaari nuskha ik tib ka jis ko aata hai sage-bhaai se vo chhupata hai jis ko aata hai foonkna kushta hai hamaari taraf se vo goonga jis ko hai kuchh raml men maaloomaat vo nahin karta seedhe munh se baat baap bhaai ho ya ki ho beta bhed paata nahin munajjam ka kaam kandle ka jis ko hai maaloom hai zamaane men us ki bukhl ki dhoom al-gharz jis ke paas hai kuchh cheez jaañ se bhi siva hai us ko aziz qaum par un ka kuchh nahin ehsaan un ka hona na hona hai yaksaan sab kamaalaat aur hunar un ke qabr men un ke saath jaayenge qaum kya kah ke un ko royegi naam par kyun ki jaañ khoyegi tarbiyat-yafta hain jo yaa ke khwaah be-e hon is men ya em-e bharte hubb-e-watan ka go dam hain par muhibb-e-watan bahut kam hain qaum ko un se jo umeedein theen ab jo dekha to sab galat nikliin history un ki aur geography saath parde men munh diye hai pa dii band us qufl men hai ilm un ka jis ki kunji ka kuchh nahin hai pata lete hain apne dil hi dil men maze goya goonge ka gud hain kh aa.e hue karte firte hain sair-e-gul tanhaa koi paas un ke ja nahin saka ahl-e-insaaf sharm ki ja hai gar nahin bukhl ye to phir kya hai tum ne dekha hai jo vo sab ko dikhaao tum ne chakha hai jo vo sab ko chakhao ye jo daulat tumhaare paas hai aaj ham-watan is ke hain bahut mohtaaj munh ko ek ik tumhaare hai takta ki nikalta hai munh se aap ke kya aap shaista hain to apne li.e kuchh sulook apni qaum se bhi ki.e mez kursi agar lagaate hain aap qaum se poochiye to pun hai na paap munda joota gar aap ko hai pasand qaum ko is se faaeda na gazand qaum par karte ho agar ehsaan to dikhaao kuchh apna josh-e-nihaan kuchh dinon aish men khalal daalo pet men jo hai sab ugal daalo ilm ko kar do koo-b-koo arzaan hind ko kar dikhaao englistan sunte ho saamain-e-ba-tamkeen sunte ho haazireen-e-sadr-nasheen jo hain duniya men qaum ke hamdard banda-e-qom un ke hain zan o mard baap ki hai dua ye bahr-e-pisar qaum ki main banaaun us ko sipar maa KHuda se ye maangti hai muraad qaum par se nisaar ho aulaad bhaai aapas men karte hain paimaan tu agar maal de to main doon jaañ ahl-e-himmat kama ke laate hain ham-watan faaede uthaate hain kahii hote hain madarse jaarii dakhl aur khirj jin ke hain bharii aur kahii hote hain kalb qaaim mubahs-e-hikmat aur adab qaaim nit-naye khulte hain dawa-khaane bante hain saikron shifa-khaane mulk men jo marz hain aalam-geer qaum par un ki farz hai tadbeer hain sadaa is udhed-bun men tabeeb ki koi nuskha haath aa.e ajeeb qaum ko pahunchen manfaat jis se mulk men failein faaede jis ke khap ga.e kitne ban ke jhadon men mar ga.e saikron pahaadon men likhe jab tak ji.e safar-naa men chal diye haath men qalam thaa men go safar men uth aa.e ranj-e-kamaal kar diya par watan ko apne nihaal hain ab in ke gawaah hubb-e-watan dar-o-deewar-e-paris o london kaam hain sab bashar ke hum-vatanon tum se bhi ho sake to mard bano chhodo afsurdagi ko josh men aao bas bahut soye utho hosh men aao qafile tum se badh ga.e koson rahe jaate ho sab se peeche kyun qaafilon se agar mila chaaho mulk aur qaum ka bhala chaaho gar raha chahte ho izzat se bhaaiyon ko nikaalo zillat se un ki izzat tumhaari izzat hai un ki zillat tumhaari zillat hai qaum ka mubtadil hai jo insaan be-haqeeqat hai garche hai sultaan qaum duniya men jis ki hai mumtaaz hai faqiri men bhi vo ba-ezaaz izzat-e-qom chahte ho agar ja ke failao un men ilm-o-hunar zaat ka fakhr aur nasab ka ghuroor uth ga.e ab jahaan se ye dastoor ab na sayyad ka iftikhaar saheehna brahman ko shudr par tarjeeh hui turki tamaam khaanon men kat gaii jad se khaandaanon men qaum ki izzat ab hunar se hai ilm se ya ki seem-o-zar se hai koi din men vo daur aayega be-hunar bheek tak na paayegana rahenge sadaa yahii din raat yaad rakhna hamaari aaj ki baat gar nahin sunte qaul haali ka phir na kehna ki koi kahtaa tha

ek ladki buland qamat ki ek ladki bikherthi khushbuen badan ki meri nigaahon ki rahguzar se guzar gayi hai ghareeb-muflis kisi kuti ka hai chaand shaayad hai khoobsurat fate-puraane libaas men bhi bala ki sundar zara sa mere qareeb aakar haseen labon se yuñ muskuraakar tamaam aalam ko khushbuon se vo bhar gaii hai jabeen kushaada chamak rahi hai kamar bhi uski hai shaakh jaisi lachak rahi hai labon pe bikhra hua tabassum siyaah gesu bhi us badan se lipt rahe hain yuñ jaise koi shajar se lipti ho bel jaise qadam-qadam pe jyon phool khilte hain surkh goya jidhar gayi hai vo jisme-naazuk taraash jiski ho goya heera vo besh-qeemat har ik ada men ghazab ki hai shabnami lataafat kisi paree-vash se khoobsurat sukhnavaron ke khyaal-si hai ki surkh-roo us haseen ki main misaal kya doon gulaal-si hai nigaah khanjar adaayein qaatil kamaal lahjaa bas ik nazar se mere jigar men utar gaii hai main hooñ ek shayar so mujh...ko us men ghazal dikhi hai laga hai mujh...ko ki jaise baade-saba use gunguna rahi hai magar vo ladki jise gumaan tak nahin hai shaayad ye husn us par hi bojh ban jaayega yaqeenan use kaho ki naqaab men rakhe husno-ismat wagarana pachtaayegi baad men vo vo mard kahte hain jo yahaañ par vo KHud ko saabit karenge beshak dikhaayenge us ghareeb par hi vo zor apni mardaangi ka karenge zaahir vo paak-daman ko taar karke ki mard hain hamna us men unko dikhega bebas buzurg aankhoñ ka ik sitaara unhen faqat vo fate libaason se jhaankta ik badan dikhega hawas-kade men padi milegi bas ek uriyaan vo laash ban karna mard ki shakl men un darindon ko us men koi behn dikhegina maa dikhegi na koi betina unko us men ghazal dikhegina shaayri hi

sab maaya hai sab dhalti phirti chaaya hai is ishq men ham ne jo khoya jo paaya hai jo tum ne kaha hai faiz ne jo farmaaya hai sab maaya hai haan gahe gahe deed ki daulat haath aayi ya ek vo lazzat naam hai jis ka ruswaai bas is ke siva to jo bhi savaab kamaaya hai sab maaya hai ik naam to baaki rehta hai gar jaan nahin jab dekh liya is saude men nuksaan nahin tab shama' pe dene jaan patinga aaya hai sab maaya hai maaloom ha men sab qais miyaan ka qissa bhi sab ek se hain ye raanjha bhi ye insha bhi farhaad bhi jo ik nahar si khod ke laaya hai sab maaya hai kyun dard ke naa men likhte likhte raat karo jis saath samundar paar ki naar ki baat karous naar se koi ek ne dhoka khaaya hai sabab maaya hai jis gori par ham ek ghazal har shaam likhen tum jaante ho ham kyunkar us ka naam likhen dil us ki bhi chaukhat choom ke waapas aaya hai sab maaya hai vo ladki bhi jo chaand-nagar ki raani thii vo jis ki alhad aankhoñ men hairaani thii aaj us ne bhi paighaam yahii bhijvaaya hai sab maaya hai jo log abhii tak naam vafaa ka lete hain vo jaan ke dhoke khaate dhoke dete hain haan thok-baja kar ham ne hukm lagaaya hai sab maaya hai jab dekh liya har shaKHs yahaañ harjaai hai is shahar se door ik kutiya ham ne banaai hai aur us kutiya ke maathe par likhwaayaa hai sab maaya hai

tum use achha kaho vo daanta hai tum use achha kaho vo maanta hai tum use achha kaho har shaKHs bas takleef deta hai yahaañ vo pyaar karta tum use achha kaho sab shakl soorat dekhte hi hain yahaañ dikhta use gun tum use achha kaho sab bewajah hi chhod jaate aajkal vo saath deta tum use achha kaho shubh baantna bas pyaar hi hai chahta achha lage to tum use achha kaho

"Parichay garibi ka"

jay nalandaa jay nalandaa gyaan ke deepak he naman tumhein aadar aadaab aabhaar sang abhinaman tumhein jisne gyaan ka paath padhaaya prem ka sukh sandesh sunaaya jisne hai saariputra dilaayaa jisne shaanti sthoop banaya kaise bhule is prateek ko he naman tumhein jay nalandaa gyaan ke deepak he naman tumhein aadar aadaab aabhaar sang abhinaman tumhein magadh ki laaj hai jisne bachaai bhoomi peeda men jo muskuraai jyoti jag jag men failaai jis bhoomi par ektaa aayi janam li.e samraat-jarasandh aur buddh he naman tumhein jay nalandaa gyaan ke deepak he naman tumhein aadar aadaab aabhaar sang abhinaman tumhein

nazm-e-zindagi zindagi habaab hai zindagi to khwaab hai zindagi kitaab hai zindagi hisaab hai zindagi sharaab bhi zindagi rabaab hai zindagi sawaal bhi aur kabhi javaab hai saans par tanee hui zindagi tanaab hai bebasi hi bebasi zindagi azaab hai haan magar kabhi kabhi zindagi rubaab hai zindagi gulaab hai zindagi itaab hai asl men ye zindagi band koii baab hai

hariyaali mission kahaan woh dharti hai meri jaan thii jiski hariyaali pahchaan use main dhoondhta hooñ hawa men zehar ghuli hai aaj yah paani men bhi mila hai aaj bachaaun aaj yahaañ par ja use main dhoondhta hooñ vo sundar saaya apne gaav jahaan thii thandi thandi chaanv jahaan janmen ye saur armaan use main dhoondhta hooñ yahaañ thii koyliya ki kook yahaañ thii baansuriya ki phoonk fazaa men chaaya tha surataan use main dhoondhta hooñ kahaan khoya woh hindustan niraali jiski thii har-shaan ki jispar tha hamko abhimaan use main dhoondhta hooñ

tum sanam ho mere tum manam ho mere tum sanam ho mere ye haqeeqat rahi tum sanam ho mere tum pe main hooñ fida tum sanam ho mere dil deewana hai ab tum sanam ho mere aap aa.e lab tak tum sanam ho mere aapke dil men hain tum sanam ho mere teraa dil meraa hai tum sanam ho mere